Brain's Workbench
mirrorlist.centos.org doesn’t exists anymore. So, your default repor wwith yum doesn’t work. Try using the following processes, it worked for me, hope this works for others as well.
sed -i s/mirror.centos.org/vault.centos.org/g /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo sed -i s/^#.*baseurl=http/baseurl=http/g /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo sed -i s/^mirrorlist=http/#mirrorlist=http/g /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
Ref:
https://serverfault.com/questions/1161816/mirrorlist-centos-org-no-longer-resolve
Run the following command to list VMs and their UUIDs:
xe vm-list resident-on=<uuid_of_host>
Try the shutdown command with force:
xe vm-shutdown uuid=<uuid_of_vm> force=true
Restart the toolstack on the host by using the following command:
xe-toolstack-restart
Restart the host.
shutdown -r now
If the VM is still not shutdown, you might need to destroy the domain. However, the steps given below can cause problems for your VM and should only be done as a last resort.
Install NetoFetch First:
sudo apt install neofetch sudo cp motd.sh /etc/profile.d/motd.sh sudo chmod +x /etc/profile.d/motd.sh
Open the motd.sh filw using text editor and paste below:
#!/bin/bash printf "\n" neofetch
Exit from shell and re-login- Voila!
Install Certbot and its Nginx plugin with apt:
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
Certbot provides a variety of ways to obtain SSL certificates through plugins. The Nginx plugin will take care of reconfiguring Nginx and reloading the config whenever necessary. To use this plugin, type the following:
sudo certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com
The full prodecure can also be found on xcp-ng site.
Its a POC where I needed a 1:1 NAT using Linux iptables. I used 2 Debian 11 OS for this and here’s the machine IP plans-
On VM-1
Uninstall nftables and its Dependencies
IPtables is being replaced by nftables starting with Debian 10 Buster. Debian 11 comes with nftables framework. To install iptables first we need uninstall nftables and its dependencies. SSH into your server and run the next commands:
# apt-get remove --auto-remove nftables # apt-get purge nftables
Install IPtables in Debian 11
# apt-get update # apt-get install iptables
Now we can check the iptables status and list rules. For list all the rules we will use option -L.
Run command:
# iptables -L -v
You will see the output:
As you see on the screenshot just installed iptables firewall and it works. But all chains (INPUT, FORWARD, OUTPUT) are set to ACCEPT, and we have no security rules configured.
#!/bin/bash
# Usage: ./minio-upload my-bucket my-file.zip
bucket=$1
file=$2
host=minio.example.com
s3_key=svc_example_user
s3_secret=svc_example_user_password
resource="/${bucket}/${file}"
content_type="application/octet-stream"
date=`date -R`
_signature="PUT\n\n${content_type}\n${date}\n${resource}"
signature=`echo -en ${_signature} | openssl sha1 -hmac ${s3_secret} -binary | base64`
curl -X PUT -T "${file}" \
-H "Host: ${host}" \
-H "Date: ${date}" \
-H "Content-Type: ${content_type}" \
-H "Authorization: AWS ${s3_key}:${signature}" \
https://${host}${resource}
Src:
Install a font manually by downloading the appropriate .ttf or otf files and placing them into /usr/local/share/fonts (system-wide), ~/.local/share/fonts (user-specific) or ~/.fonts (user-specific). These files should have the permission 644 (-rw-r–r–), otherwise they may not be usable.
Run fc-cache to update the font cache (add -v for verbose output). The above mentioned paths can be customized in the fontconfig configuration file at /etc/fonts/fonts.conf – you can also include subdirectories or links, which is useful if you have a directory of fonts on a separate hard drive (or partition or other location).
If you are installing bit map fonts you might need to enable this with dpkg-reconfigure:
# dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig-config
Well, it’s not perfectly a LAMP stack as MySQL and PHPMYadmin are not covered here. But for someone who needs a backward compatible php edition to work on a modern/latest os built.
Step1: Add PHP repository
We’ll use a bash script to add the repository-
#!/bin/sh
# To add this repository please do:
if [ "$(whoami)" != "root" ]; then
SUDO=sudo
fi
${SUDO} apt-get update
${SUDO} apt-get -y install lsb-release ca-certificates curl
${SUDO} curl -sSLo /tmp/debsuryorg-archive-keyring.deb https://packages.sury.org/debsuryorg-archive-keyring.deb
${SUDO} dpkg -i /tmp/debsuryorg-archive-keyring.deb
${SUDO} sh -c 'echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/deb.sury.org-php.gpg] https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list'
${SUDO} apt-get update
Step-2: Install PHP Modules
Install a few dependencies required by this tutorial with the below-mentioned command:
sudo apt install software-properties-common ca-certificates lsb-release apt-transport-https
Install PHP 7.4:
sudo apt install php7.4
if you want to add multiple extensions then include them in braces, I am going to install “php-mbstring, php-mysql, php-xml, and php-curl” by running the below-mentioned command:
sudo apt install php7.4-mysql php7.4-mbstring php7.4-xml php7.4-curl
Src:
https://packages.sury.org/php/README.txt
Prerequisites
Update the installed packages.
apt update
Install the Ondřej PHP repository.
apt install software-properties-commonsudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php apt update
Check that the repositories are correctly installed.
grep ^ /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*
Step 1 – Install Apache
apt install apache2