Enable IPTables on Rocky Linux 8

Disabling firewalld

You can’t really run the old iptables utilities alongside firewalld. They’re just not compatible. The best way to get around this is to disable firewalld entirely (no need to uninstall it unless you want to) , and reinstall the iptables utilities. Disabling firewalld can be done using these commands:

Stop firewalld:

systemctl stop firewalld

Disable firewalld so it won’t start on boot: Continue reading “Enable IPTables on Rocky Linux 8” »

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IPTables D-NAT Firewall Rule

# Generated by iptables-save v1.3.5 on Tue Oct 28 23:57:58 2014
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [2590:547311]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [11426:731834]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [3989:328501]
-A INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
# Completed on Tue Oct 28 23:57:58 2014
# Generated by iptables-save v1.3.5 on Tue Oct 28 23:57:58 2014
*mangle
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [24964:3178001]
:INPUT ACCEPT [9150:1450474]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [11426:731834]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [4655:374193]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [15415:1060335]
COMMIT
# Completed on Tue Oct 28 23:57:58 2014
# Generated by iptables-save v1.3.5 on Tue Oct 28 23:57:58 2014
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -m state -i eth0 --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp -d 123.45.67.89 --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.16.5.113
-A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE
COMMIT
# Completed on Tue Oct 28 23:57:58 2014
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Create A Network Bridge on CentOS 7

Install Module

CentOS 7 comes with bridging module loaded on system boot by default. Use the following command to verify whether the module is loaded or not.

# modinfo bridge
filename:       /lib/modules/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/kernel/net/bridge/bridge.ko
alias:          rtnl-link-bridge
version:        2.3
license:        GPL
rhelversion:    7.2
srcversion:     905847C53FF43DEFAA0EB3C
depends:        stp,llc
intree:         Y
vermagic:       3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 SMP mod_unload modversions
signer:         CentOS Linux kernel signing key
sig_key:        79:AD:88:6A:11:3C:A0:22:35:26:33:6C:0F:82:5B:8A:94:29:6A:B3
sig_hashalgo:   sha256

If the module is not loaded, you can load it using the following command. Continue reading “Create A Network Bridge on CentOS 7” »

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Convert Xen XVA to KVM

Citrix Xen uses a custom virtual appliance format for import/export called “XVA”. it’s basically a strangely crafted tar-file. You don’t need this program to unpack this tar-file, just use your favourite tar unpacker (tar, gtar, bsdtar). Once unpacked you will end up with a lot of different files, ova.xml (which contains the settings for the virtual appliance, think VMware vmx) and a number of folders called Ref:/, this is your disks. Each of these folders contain hundreds of files named 00000000, 00000001 with a accompanying .CHECKSUM file (SHA1). Each file is a 1MB slice of the disk, but some of the files in the sequence will probably be missing this is because XVA do not use compression; instead it will exclude slices of the disk that only contains zeros (are empty). This tool can assemble the disk for you (you will end up with a RAW disk) that can easily be mounted and modified. It can then also split the file again and generate checksum. Once ready, you will probably want to use the “package” command to rebuild the XVA file.

I’m running this conversion into a Debian 11 Server. First thing, you need to install xvz-img package from git repo into Debian server. Let’s install some essential package first- Continue reading “Convert Xen XVA to KVM” »

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Debian 8 (Jessie) repo updated-2023

This worked for Debian 8 (Jessie)

replace original /etc/sources.list with:
deb http://archive.debian.org/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib
deb-src http://archive.debian.org/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib
deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-security/ jessie/updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://archive.debian.org/debian-security/ jessie/updates main non-free contribapt-update

It will give a keyring error. I tried both: Continue reading “Debian 8 (Jessie) repo updated-2023” »

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XOA on XCP-NG import and install

Start a new SSH session to your XenServer host and run the commands below.

### Using curl ###
[18:18 xcp-node-01 ~]# bash -c "$(curl -sS https://xoa.io/deploy)"
### Using wget ###
[18:18 xcp-node-01 ~]# bash -c "$(wget -qO- https://xoa.io/deploy)"

If you are using an old XenServer version, you may encounter SSL connection issues. This can bypassed by using the unsecure connection instead: Continue reading “XOA on XCP-NG import and install” »

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Install transmission on Centos 7

Step 1. First, you need to enable the EPEL repository on your system.

yum install epel-release
yum -y update

Step 2. Installing Transmission on CentOS 7.

Just run the following command to install Transmission:

yum install transmission-cli transmission-common transmission-daemon

Once complete, you can verify Transmission is installed by running the below command:

systemctl start transmission-daemon.service
systemctl stop transmission-daemon.service

Step 3. Configuration Transmission.

Edit the transmission settings.json config file: Continue reading “Install transmission on Centos 7” »

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Install Proxmox 7 on Debian 12

Install a standard Debian Bookworm, for details consider the Debian installation guide, and configure a static IP.

Note: The Debian installer performs network configuration by IPv6 autoconfiguration and DHCP by default, if available. To force manual network configuration in the UEFI installer, press E and add netcfg/disable_autoconfig=true to the linux command line. For the BIOS installer, select the Help entry and start the installation by typing installgui netcfg/disable_autoconfig=true. For further details, see the Debian installer documentation.

It is recommended to only install the “standard system utilities” and “SSH server” package selection, as Proxmox VE brings its own packages for QEMU and LXC. A desktop environment is not necessary.

Add an /etc/hosts entry for your IP address

The hostname of your machine must be resolvable via /etc/hosts. This means that in /etc/hosts you need one of the following entries for your hostname: Continue reading “Install Proxmox 7 on Debian 12” »

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