Configurations (Linux)

pressflow varnish installation and configuration

by

Installation

Varnish is the key software that speeds up your web site.

It is Open Source, built on industry standards and requires very few resources.

Varnish is distributed in the EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) package repositories. However, while EPEL allows new versions to be distributed, it does not allow for backwards-incompatible changes.

Therefore, new major versions will not hit EPEL and it is therefore not necessarily up to date.

If you require a newer major version than what is available in EPEL, you should use the repository provided by varnish-cache.org. To use the varnish-cache.org repository,

Read more

Share

Munin to monitor mysql on Debian 6

by

First we need to install some Mysql-Munin perl libraries:

apt-get install libipc-sharelite-perl

Also some Perl stuff will be needed:

perl -MCPAN -eshell
install IPC::ShareLite

Next let’s activate Munin Mysql plugin:

Assuming you have already installed both munin & mysql

ln -s /usr/share/munin/plugins/mysql_* /etc/munin/plugins

Restart both Apache & Munin:

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
/etc/init.d/munin-node restart
su munin -c /usr/bin/munin-cron

Source:

http://dev.mensfeld.pl/2012/02/making-munin-work-with-mysql-on-debian/
http://www.mbrando.com/2007/08/06/how-to-get-your-mysql-munin-graphs-working/
 

Share

MySQL Root Password Reset

by

First things first. Log in as root and stop the mysql daemon. Now lets start up the mysql daemon and skip the grant tables which store the passwords.

mysqld_safe –skip-grant-tables

You should see mysqld start up successfully. If not, well you have bigger issues. Now you should be able to connect to mysql without a password.

mysql –user=root mysql
update user set Password=PASSWORD('new-password') where user='root';
flush privileges;
exit;

Now kill your running mysqld, then restart it normally. You should be good to go. Try not to forget your password again.
 

Share

Hide the Apache Web Server Version number with ServerSignature and ServerTokens directives

by

You can easily hide Apche (httpd) version number and other information. There are two config directives that controls Apache version. The ServerSignature directive adds a line containing the Apache HTTP Server server version and the ServerName to any server-generated documents, such as error messages sent back to clients. ServerSignature is set to on by default. The ServerTokens directive controls whether Server response header field which is sent back to clients includes a description of the generic OS-type of the server as well as information about compiled-in modules. By setting this to Prod you only displays back Apache as server name and no version number displayed back.

Open your httpd.conf file using text editor such as vi:

vi httpd.conf

Append/modify config directive as follows:

ServerSignature Off
ServerTokens Prod

Save and close the file. Restart Apache web server:

# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

Share

Securing directory using .htaccess file

by

First make sure your Apache configuration is set for allowing .htaccess. Read this Article first before you move to the next steps.

.htaccess File Creation:

Let's assume /test-dir1 is to be password protected.

$ cd /var/www/html/test-dir1

$ vi .htaccess

Write the following lines into this file:

AuthName "Authorized Users Only."
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd
require user testusr

Telling Apache About Users:
Now we have to inform Apache about the user and its password.

$ htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd testusr

The above command will work if you have htpasswd in your /usr/local/bin and it happens if you install Apache from RPM. /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd is the location of file that will contain the authenticated/trusted user password.

Read more

Share

Install htop in Linux- Redhat/CentOS/SL and Debian/Ubuntu

by

There are times you want to have a better control over the system processes and usage and also having a better visual of RAM and CPU usage on your server.As You may already know there is a Linux command called top which will show the resources and users cpu usage but it is not good enough to find out every thing in a glance, That for example you should go to the top right to see cpu usage let say it is 50%, then you have to think of your self in your mind that how much it has used the cpu.But by using htop you can see CPU usage of each core colorful and easily.This third party application will work perfectly on Centos Servers.

Install HTOP from Source

wget http://woshka.com/opensource/htop-0.9.tar.gz
tar xzvf htop-0.9.tar.gz
cd htop-0.9/
./configure
make
make install

CentOS 5

wget http://citylan.dl.sourceforge.net/project/htop/htop/0.8.3/htop-0.8.3.tar.gz
tar xzvf htop-0.8.3.tar.gz
cd htop-0.8.3
./configure
make
make install

Read more

Share

Apache Web Server .htaccess File functional

by

.htaccess is Apache's directory-level configuration file. It allows end user to configure authentication and other options without editing main httpd.conf file.

Make sure AccessFileName set to .htaccess

Search httpd.conf for AccessFileName directive. It defines name of the distributed configuration file:

# grep -i AccessFileName httpd.conf

Make sure users are allowed to use .htaccess file

What you can put in these files is determined by the AllowOverride directive. This directive specifies, in categories, what directives will be honored if they are found in a .htaccess file. If this directive is set to None, then .htaccess files are completely ignored. In this case, the server will not even attempt to read .htaccess files in the filesystem.

# grep -i AllowOverride httpd.conf

When this directive is set to All, then any directive which has the .htaccess Context is allowed in .htaccess files:

AllowOverride ALL

Save and close the file. Restart httpd:

# service httpd restart
 

Share

Force HTTPS / SSL using .htaccess and mod_rewrite

by

Sometimes you may need to make sure that the user is browsing your site over securte connection. An easy to way to always redirect the user to secure connection (https://) can be accomplished with a .htaccess file containing the following lines:

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.example.com/$1 [R,L]

Please, note that the .htaccess should be located in the web site main folder.

In case you wish to force HTTPS for a particular folder you can use:

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} somefolder
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.com/somefolder/$1 [R,L]

The .htaccess file should be placed in the folder where you need to force HTTPS.

Share