Linux CHMOD Change user & group ownership Rumi, June 21, 2008January 7, 2011 Learn how to change the owner and group ownership of files and directories with the chown and chgrp commands. Caution: you need to do this whiled logged in as 'root' user. In order to set the ownership of a directory and all the files in that directory, you'll need the -R option: $ chown -R username somedir Here, R stands for recursive because this command will recursively change the ownership of directories and their contents. After issuing this example command, the user username will be the owner of the directory somedir, as well as every file in that directory. Tell what happens: $ chown -v username somefile changed ownership of 'somefile' to username Here, v stands for verbose. If you use the -v option, chown will list what it did (or didn't do) to the file. The verbose mode is especially useful if you change the ownership of several files at once. For example, this could happen when you do it recursively: $ chown -Rv username somedir changed ownership of 'somedir/' to username changed ownership of 'somedir/boringfile' to username changed ownership of 'somedir/somefile' to username The options of using chgrp are the same as using chown. So, for example, the -R and -v options will work with it just like they worked with chown: $ chgrp -Rv usergroup somedir changed group of 'somedir/' to usergroup changed group of 'somedir/boringfile' to usergroup changed group of 'somedir/somefile' to usergroup chown nicely reports to you what it did to each file. Related Configurations (Linux)
ZImbra troubleshooting incoming mail problems January 3, 2019 Problem If you’re having trouble receiving mail from outside, you need to find out where the message is failing. When sending your test message, check the Log Files, especially /var/log/zimbra.log, on your MTA server. It’s often helpful to tail the logfile as you send the message: tail -f /var/log/zimbra.log If… Read More
Zimbra Exporting all mail addresses April 26, 2018April 26, 2018 Exporting all addresses (mailboxes, aliases and distribution lists) is a vital tool if you have a backup MX and only want it to accept email for valid recipients. One reason for that is to stop spammers who simply use a dictionary of common names to generate recipient email addresses which… Read More
Create a Sudo User on Debian or Ubuntu January 29, 2017 Log in to your server as the root user. ssh root@server_ip_address Use the adduser command to add a new user to your system. Be sure to replace username with the user that you want to create. adduser username Set and confirm the new user’s password at the prompt. A strong… Read More