Upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10 Rumi, July 19, 2021 Update ALL existing installed packages Before you upgrade your Debian version to 10, you must apply all security patches and pending upgrades to Debian 9 itself Hence, Type the following apt command or apt-get command: sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade sudo apt full-upgrade sudo apt --purge autoremove OR sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get full-upgrade sudo apt-get --purge autoremove Reboot the Debian 9.x stretch to apply the kernel and other updates: sudo reboot Update /etc/apt/sources.list file Before starting the upgrade you must reconfigure APT’s source-list files. To view current settings using the cat command: cat /etc/apt/sources.list Sample outputs: deb http://cdn-aws.deb.debian.org/debian stretch main deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main deb http://cdn-aws.deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates main The stretch indicates that we are using an older version. Hence, we must change all the references in this file from Stretch to Buster using a text editor such as vim: vi /etc/apt/sources.list I prefer to use sed tool, but first backup all config files using the cp command: sudo cp -v /etc/apt/sources.list /root/ sudo cp -rv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ /root/ sudo sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list sudo sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* see updated file now cat /etc/apt/sources.list APT source-list files updated to use buster Updating the package list Simply run: sudo apt update Minimal system upgrade A two-part process is necessary to avoid the removal of large numbers of packages that you want to keep. Therefore, first run the following: sudo apt upgrade Just follow on-screen instructions. During the upgrade process, you may get various questions, like “Do you want to restart the service? ” OR “keep or erase config options” and so on. For example, I got a screen as follows indicating new changes: Press ‘q‘ to exit and further you may see additional screens Upgrading Debain 9 to Debian 10 In addition, minimum upgrades we need to do full upgrades to finish the whole Debian 9 to Debian 10 update process. This is the main part of the upgrade. In other words, execute the following command to perform a complete upgrade of the system, installing the newest available versions of all packages, and resolving all possible dependency: sudo apt full-upgrade Reboot the Linux system to boot into Debian Linux 10 buster, issue: sudo reboot Verification It is time to confirm the upgrade. Run: uname -r lsb_release -a Sample outputs: No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Debian Description: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster) Release: 10 Codename: buster Finally, clean up outdated packages using the apt command/apt-get command: sudo apt --purge autoremove Src: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/update-upgrade-debian-9-to-debian-10-buster/ Related Administrations Collected Articles Debain 9Debian 10Upgrade
Cacti: PowerDNS Recursor Templates September 11, 2011 Here are a couple of graph templates for the PowerDNS recursor. They need a shell script to be installed on the DNS server, and an net-snmp config change. Add the following to the snmpd.conf extend pdns-rec /usr/local/bin/pdns_stats.sh Put pdns_stats in /usr/local/bin, so that snmpd can find it (rename from pdns_stats.txt)…. Read More
Install and Configure Fail2Ban for Zimbra on CentOS 7 September 12, 2023 Below is how to install and configure Fail2Ban for Zimbra. In this guidance, I use CentOS. Please adjust python-pip version if using another OS 1. Install pip yum install python3-pip 2. Install dependencies required by Fail2Ban pip3 install pyinotify pip3 install dnspython 3. Download and extract Fail2Ban cd /tmp/ wget… Read More
Squid as Transparent Proxy on CentOs 6.4 March 6, 2020 In this tutorial I am going to configure squid acting as transparent proxy what does it means? It means we have no part of configurations on the client end, just to setup squid in transparent proxy mode so it will sits between client and internet. And redirect their port 80 requests to 3128 port which is… Read More