Add a New Disk in Linux- Partition and Format

Partition the new disk using fdisk command
Following command will list all detected hard disks:

# fdisk -l | grep '^Disk'

Output:

Disk /dev/sda: 251.0 GB, 251000193024 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb: 251.0 GB, 251000193024 bytes

A device name refers to the entire hard disk. For more information see Linux partition naming convention and IDE drive mappings. To partition the disk – /dev/sdb, enter:

# fdisk /dev/sdb

The basic fdisk commands you need are:

m – print help
p – print the partition table
n – create a new partition
d – delete a partition
q – quit without saving changes
w – write the new partition table and exit

Format the new disk using mkfs.ext3 command
To format Linux partitions using ext2fs on the new disk:

# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
Or
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

Mount the new disk using mount command
First create a mount point /disk1 and use mount command to mount /dev/sdb1, enter:

# mkdir /disk1
# mount /dev/sdb1 /disk1
# df -H

Update /etc/fstab file
Open /etc/fstab file, enter:

# vi /etc/fstab

Append as follows:

/dev/sdb1 /disk1 ext3 defaults 1 2

or

/dev/sdb1 /disk1 ext4 defaults 1 2

Save and close the file.

Label the partition
You can label the partition using e2label. For example, if you want to label the new partition /backup, enter

# e2label /dev/sdb1 /backup

You can use label name instead of partition name to mount disk using /etc/fstab:

LABEL=/backup /disk1 ext3 defaults 1 2